[Annotated] Electoral victory will make France’s president a potent force

But he will still have to face down^[각주:1] a challenge from the street

FLORENCE LEHERICY is a nurse, but on Monday she is likely to start a new career as a parliamentary deputy for^[각주:2] Calvados, in northern France. Jean-Marie Fiévet, a fireman, will join her from a constituency in Deux Sèvres in the west. Both are political novices. They belong to La République en Marche! (LRM), the movement behind^[각주:3] Emmanuel Macron, who last month also won his first ever election—and duly^[각주:4] took control of^[각주:5] the Elysée Palace^[각주:6]. Welcome to the revolution.

Across France people have risen^[각주:7] up against^[각주:8] a political class^[각주:9] that failed them^[각주:10]. The first round of voting for the legislature^[각주:11], on June 11th, suggests that LRM, which Mr Macron created only 14 months ago, will win at least 400 of its 577 seats. The Socialists will lose 90% of their deputies, including their leader who did not even make^[각주:12] the run-off^[각주:13]. The Republicans^[각주:14] will hang on to^[각주:15] more, but they expected to win this election—until a few weeks ago, when LRM’s victory became as inevitable as the blade sliding down the guillotine.

Mr Macron offers a fresh answer to the popular discontent^[각주:16] that has swept through^[각주:17] Western democracies. He promises a new politics that ditches^[각주:18] divisions between left and right. He wants to restore dynamism^[각주:19] and self-belief^[각주:20] to France and, with Germany’s help, to the European Union. And he is being watched from abroad by politicians who, in their own countries, cannot seem to make themselves heard^[각주:21] above the din^[각주:22]. For his revolution to succeed, he needs to have good ideas and the ability to carry them through^[각주:23]. Does he?

A different kind of rebel

Mr Macron is the right man at the right time. Voters tired of France’s stale politics^[각주:24] wanted an outsider. Although he comes from the establishment—he is a graduate^[각주:25] of an elite college, an ex-banker and an economy minister^[각주:26] under his predecessor^[각주:27], François Hollande—Mr Macron has never been a party man^[각주:28]. He has designed LRM to act as^[각주:29] a break with the past. Half of its candidates are new to politics. Half are women. It has campaigned against^[각주:30] corruption. In the outgoing^[각주:31] assembly the most common age^[각주:32] is 60-70; the average of LRM’s novices is 43.

Whereas^[각주:33] most populists cleave to^[각주:34] right and left, the Macron revolution is to the center. He steals policies without prejudice—from the right, a desire to free up^[각주:35] markets and businesses to create jobs and wealth; from the left, a belief in the role of government to shape^[각주:36], direct and protect. In the battle between open and closed, Mr Macron is broadly^[각주:37] for open in both trade and immigration. In French terms, he is an economic liberal^[각주:38].

And, crucially^[각주:39], he is an optimist. For decades^[각주:40] France has suffered from the morose^[각주:41] belief that politics involves struggle^[각주:42], but no real solutions. That sabotages^[각주:43] reform: why give up what you have today for something worse tomorrow? Elsewhere in Europe, democracy often seems a joyless^[각주:44] transaction^[각주:45] in which voters are asked to^[각주:46] endorse^[각주:47] politicians’ empty promises^[각주:48] in exchange for benefit cuts^[각주:49] and shoddy^[각주:50] public services^[각주:51].

Somehow^[각주:52], Mr Macron has convinced the French that progress^[각주:53] is possible. He has hit back against^[각주:54] populist^[각주:55] taunts^[각주:56] that free markets are a concession^[각주:57] to the bankers and the globalists^[각주:58] with refreshing^[각주:59] patriotism—whether by crushing the hand of Donald Trump^[각주:60] or restoring pomp^[각주:61] to the presidency^[각주:62]. Against warnings about immigrants and foreign competition^[각주:63], he asserts that^[각주:64] both will invigorate^[각주:65] France, not enfeeble^[각주:66] it. To Eurosceptics who accuse Brussels of sucking the life out of the nation^[각주:67], he insists that, no, the EU magnifies French power^[각주:68].

Good ideas are not enough. Mr Macron must also break the habit of^[각주:69] 30 years in which France’s reforms have been blocked by the hard left^[각주:70]. Success rests on^[각주:71] early, visible^[각주:72] progress in two areas—employment and relations with Germany.

French unemployment is double^[각주:73] what it is in Germany. For the under 25s^[각주:74], it is stuck above 20%. Firms are reluctant to^[각주:75] create permanent jobs^[각주:76] because of high social charges^[각주:77] and because redundancy^[각주:78] and dismissal^[각주:79] are expensive and difficult. Mr Macron wants to lower employment taxes^[각주:80] and to make workplace bargaining^[각주:81] more flexible. Success in the labour market will help him win over^[각주:82] Germany, which has lost faith in France’s ability to keep up. So will getting a grip on France’s public spending and its army of bureaucrats^[각주:83]. Germany, often standoffish^[각주:84], should give Mr Macron the benefit of the doubt^[각주:85]. He is the best, and possibly last, chance to create the impetus for^[각주:86] the euro zone^[각주:87] to shore up^[각주:88] the structure of the single currency.

LRM’s landslide^[각주:89] makes this programme more likely to succeed. Mr Macron has been lucky. His chief opponent on^[각주:90] the mainstream right^[각주:91], François Fillon, was fatally^[각주:92] damaged by allegations of^[각주:93] corruption^[각주:94]. LRM’s victory will be flattered by^[각주:95] France’s two-round voting system^[각주:96]. A strong EU economy will create jobs (if he is not to jeopardize^[각주:97] that, he needs to go easy on^[각주:98] the budget cuts^[각주:99]). As Theresa May, Britain’s hapless^[각주:100] prime minister^[각주:101], can attest^[각주:102], firm control of the assembly will cement^[각주:103] his good fortune^[각주:104].

However, resistance^[각주:105] will move to the streets. Already, the ancien régime^[각주:106] is warning that the election leaves Mr Macron dangerously powerful^[각주:107], and that the turnout^[각주:108] of under 50% has deprived him of^[각주:109] a mandate^[각주:110]. Militant^[각주:111] hard-left unions are threatening to fight his labour-market reforms all the way^[각주:112].

They must be faced down. The French president is indeed powerful—but in recent years the problem has been the weakness of the Elysée, not its dominance. The turnout was low, but it has been falling for years and is not much lower than in America or Canada. The unions speak for^[각주:113] only the 8% of workers who are their members. That is no mandate. It is what ordinary citizens^[각주:114] like Ms Lehericy and Mr Fiévet have been elected to sweep away^[각주:115].

Renaissance man

Plenty^[각주:116] could go wrong. Expectations of Mr Macron are sky high^[각주:117]. Though LRM has experienced^[각주:118] politicians to keep order^[각주:119], it could prove chaotic^[각주:120] and amateurish^[각주:121]. There will be strikes and marches. As the pain bites, the French public will need to hear again and again why reform will benefit the nation.

These risks are obvious. More remarkable is the revolution that Mr Macron has already achieved. The hopes of France, Europe and centrists^[각주:122] everywhere are resting on him.

1. face down ; ~를 제압[위압]하다 [본문으로]
2. parliamentary deputy ; 국회의원 ;; deputy ; 2. (일부 국가들에서 의회의) 의원[국회의원] [본문으로]
3. behind ; [전치사] 3. 뒤에서 (지지[후원]하는) [본문으로]
4. duly ; 2. 적절한 때에, 때를 맞춰 [본문으로]
5. take control of ; ~을 장악, 지배하다 [본문으로]
6. the Elysee Palace ; 2. 엘리제 궁, 프랑스 대통령 관저 [본문으로]
7. risen ; 발음주의 ;; US·UK [rízn] [본문으로]
8. rise up against ; …에 항의하여 들고 일어나다 [본문으로]
9. class ; 5. IN SOCIETY | [C+sing./pl. v.] (사회의) 계층 [본문으로]
10. fail ; DISAPPOINT SB | [타동사][VN] 실망시키다; 도움을 못 주다 [본문으로]
11. legislature ; [명사] (격식) 입법 기관(의 사람들), 입법부 ;; 참고 executive, judiciary [본문으로]
12. make ; 19. STH SUCCESSFUL | [타동사][VN] 성공적이 되게 하다 [본문으로]
13. run-off ; 1. [C] (1차전에서 1위인 두 사람・팀이 동점인 경우의) 2차 투표[2차전] [본문으로]
14. the Republicans ; 공화당 [본문으로]
15. hang on to ; ~을 꽉 붙잡다, …을 유지하다(=keep, retain), …을 고집하다 [본문으로]
16. popular discontent ; 사람들의 불만. [본문으로]
17. sweep through ; 2. (군중·바람·유행·역병 따위가) …을 휩쓸고 지나가다 [본문으로]
18. ditch ; 1. [타동사][VN] (비격식) (더 이상 원치 않거나 불필요한 것을) 버리다; (교제하던 사람을) 차 버리다 [본문으로]
19. dynamism ; [명사] 활력, 패기 [본문으로]
20. self-belief ; [NOUN] Self-belief is confidence in your own abilities or judgment. [본문으로]
21. make oneself heard ; (큰 소리로 말하여) 자기의 목소리가 들리게 하다; 자기의 생각 따위를 들려 주다 [본문으로]
22. above the din ; 소음을 뚫고. [본문으로]
23. carry sb through sth ; ~가 (위기를) 헤쳐 나가게 하다 [본문으로]
24. stale ; 3. 신선미가 없는, 진부한, 김이 빠진 [본문으로]
25. graduate ; (비격식 grad 특히 美) 2. (美) (특정 학교에서 학업을 마친) 졸업자 [본문으로]
26. economy ministers ; 경제 각료 [본문으로]
27. predecessor ; (참고: successor) 1. 전임자 [본문으로]
28. party man ; (정)당원, 열성 당원 [본문으로]
29. act as ; …으로서의 역할을 하다[맡다], ...의 소임을 다하다. [본문으로]
30. campaign against ; …에 반대하는 운동을 하다 [본문으로]
31. outgoing ; 2. [명사 앞에만 씀] (책임 있는 자리를) 떠나는[물러나는] [본문으로]
32. the most common age ; 흐름상 "평균 나이" 와는 구분되는 개념으로 이해, 많은 이가 이 나이대에 속하지만 평균이 이렇다는 것과는 별개 [본문으로]
33. whereas ; [접속사] 두 가지 사실을 비교・대조할 때 씀 [본문으로]
34. cleave to ; …을 고수하다. [본문으로]
35. free up ; …을 해방하다, 풀어주다; 해소하다 [본문으로]
36. shape ; 2. [타동사][VN] (중요한 영향을 미쳐서) 형성하다 [본문으로]
37. broadly ; [부사] 대략(적으로) [본문으로]
38. liberal ; 1. SB WHO RESPECTS OTHERS | 자유주의자 2. POLITICS | 진보주의자 [본문으로]
39. crucially ; [부사] 결정적으로 ; 가혹하게. [본문으로]
40. for decades ; 수십 년간 [본문으로]
41. morose ; [형용사] 시무룩한, 뚱한 ;; US [mə|roʊs] UK [mə|rəʊs] [본문으로]
42. struggle ; 1. [C] ~ (with sb) (for/against sth) | ~ (with sb) (to do sth) | ~ (between A and B) 투쟁, 분투 ;; 사전에는 가산 명사로 되어있는 반면에 문장에서는 불가산으로 사용한 것을 확인 [본문으로]
43. sabotage ; 2. (특히 고의적으로) 방해하다 [본문으로]
44. joyless ; [형용사] (격식) 기쁘지 않은; 기쁨이 없는 [본문으로]
45. transaction ; 1. [C] ~ (between A and B) 거래, 매매 [본문으로]
46. be asked to ; ~하도록 요청을 받다 [본문으로]
47. endorse ; 1. (공개적으로) 지지하다 [본문으로]
48. empty promise ; When someone promises you something but then doesn't follow through [본문으로]
49. benefit cuts ; 복지 수당 삭감 [본문으로]
50. shoddy ; (shod・dier , shod・di・est) 1. (상품・작품 등이) 조잡한 2. 부정직한, 부당한 ;; US [|ʃɑ:di] UK [|ʃɒdi] [본문으로]
51. public services ; 1. [C] (교통・보건 등의) 공공 서비스 [본문으로]
52. somehow ; 1. (또한 美 비격식 some・way , some・ways) 어떻게든 2. 왜 그런지 (모르겠지만), 왠지 [본문으로]
53. progress ; [U] 1. 진전; (목표 달성・완성을 향한) 진척[진행] [본문으로]
54. hit back at/against ; (공격·비판에) 응수하다[되받아치다] [본문으로]
55. populist ; 인기영합주의자 [본문으로]
56. taunt ; [타동사][VN] 놀리다, 비웃다, 조롱하다 [본문으로]
57. concession ; 4. [C] (특히 정부나 고용주가 집단・단체 등에 부여하는) 권리[혜택] [본문으로]
58. globalist ; [명사] 글로벌리스트, 세계적 관여주의자 [본문으로]
59. refreshing ; 1. 신선한 [본문으로]
60. crushing the hand of Donald Trump ; 최근에 도날드 트럼프가 마크롱과 악수를 하면서 너무 세게 마크롱의 손을 쥐어서 마크롱이 약한 이미지를 가지게 되었다는 식의 여론을 의식한 표현 [본문으로]
61. pomp ; [U] (공식 행사・의식의) 장관[장려함] [본문으로]
62. the presidency ; 대통령직 [본문으로]
63. foreign competition ; 대외 경쟁 [본문으로]
64. assert ; 1. (사실임을 강하게) 주장하다 [본문으로]
65. invigorate ; 2. (상황・조직 등을) 활성화하다 ;; US·UK [ɪn|vɪgəreɪt] [본문으로]
66. enfeeble ; [동사] (격식) 약화시키다, 쇠약하게 만들다 [본문으로]
67. suck the life out of ; ~의 진을 다 빼다 [본문으로]
68. magnify ; 3. (중요성・심각성을) 과장[확대]하다 [본문으로]
69. kick[break] the habit of ; …하는 습관을 버리다 [본문으로]
70. hard left ; [명사] (특히 英) 극좌파 [본문으로]
71. rest on ; ~에 달려 있다[의지하다], ~에 기초하다, ~에 얹혀 있다 [본문으로]
72. visible ; 2. 가시적인, 뚜렷한 ;; 참고 invisible [본문으로]
73. double ; [주로 명사 앞에 씀] 1. TWICE AS MUCH/MANY | (보통 양이나 수의) 두 배의, 갑절의 [본문으로]
74. under 25s; 25세 미만 [본문으로]
75. be reluctant to ; ~을 주저하다, 망설이다, ~하기를 꺼리다 [본문으로]
76. permanent job ; 흐름상 "정규직" 정도로 이해 [본문으로]
77. social charge ; (사회복지학) 사회적 부담비 [본문으로]
78. redundancy ; (pl. -ies) 1. [U , C] (주로 복수로 英) (인력 과잉에 따른) 정리 해고[감원 조치] ;; 참고 lay-off [본문으로]
79. dismissal ; 1. [U , C] 해고 [본문으로]
80. employment tax ; 근로 밎 고용과 연관된 세금 cf) 갑근세 [본문으로]
81. bargaining ; [U] 협상, 흥정 ;; 참고 collective bargaining, plea-bargaining [본문으로]
82. win (sb) over ; 설득하다, 자기편으로 끌어들이다, …을 설득시키다; …의 지원이나 동정을 얻는 데 성공하다 [본문으로]
83. So will + (명사상당구) ; ~또한 ~게 될것이다, 된다. [본문으로]
84. standoffish ; [형용사] (비격식) (남에게) 쌀쌀한[냉담한] [본문으로]
85. the benefit of the doubt ; [명사] (법률) (증거 불충분의 경우) 무죄 추정; 유리한[선의의] 해석. [본문으로]
86. impetus ; 1. [U , sing.] ~ (for sth) | ~ (to sth/to do sth) (일의 추진에 필요한) 자극(제)[추동력] ;; US.UK [|ɪmpɪtəs] [본문으로]
87. euro zone ; [명사] (Euro・land [ ʊ ]) 유로존(유로화를 통화로 사용하는 유럽 연합 국가들) [본문으로]
88. shore up ; 강화하다, (건물 등에) 지주를 받치다 [본문으로]
89. landslide ; 2. (선거에서) 압도적인 득표[승리] [본문으로]
90. opponent ; 2. ~ (of sth) (…에 대한) 반대자 ;; US [ə|poʊnənt] UK [ə|pəʊnənt] [본문으로]
91. mainstream ; [sing.] the mainstream (사상・견해 등의) 주류[대세] [본문으로]
92. fatally ; [부사] 치명적으로, 비참하게; 숙명적으로, 필연적으로, 불운하게도 [본문으로]
93. allegation ; [명사] ~ (of sth) (against sb) | ~ (that…) | ~ (about sb/sth) (증거 없이 누가 부정한 일을 했다는) 혐의[주장] [본문으로]
94. corruption ; 1. [U] (특히 권위 있는 위치에 있는 사람들의) 부패[타락] [본문으로]
95. flatter ; 3. [타동사][VN] (실제보다) 돋보이게 하다 [본문으로]
96. two-round system ; 결선투표제 [본문으로]
97. jeopardize ; [타동사][VN] (격식) 위태롭게 하다 [본문으로]
98. go easy on ; ~을 관대하게 대하다 [본문으로]
99. budget cut ; [명사] 예산 삭감 [본문으로]
100. hapless ; [형용사] (명사 앞에만 씀) (격식) 불운한, 불행한 ;; US·UK [|hӕpləs] [본문으로]
101. prime minister ; [명사] PM 수상, 국무총리 [본문으로]
102. attest ; (격식) 1. ~ (to sth) 증명[입증]하다 [본문으로]
103. cement sth (between A and B) ; 2. A와 B를 결속시키다, A와 B의 관계를 강화하다 [본문으로]
104. good fortune ; [명사] 행운 [본문으로]
105. resistance ; 1. [U , sing.] ~ (to sb/sth) (계획・생각 등에 대한) 저항[반대] [본문으로]
106. ancien regime ; 2. 시대에 뒤진 제도[체제] ;; ORIGIN French = old regime [본문으로]
107. leave ; 5. SB/STH IN CONDITION/PLACE | (어떤 상태・장소 등에 계속) 있게 만들다[그대로 두다] [본문으로]
108. turnout ; 2. 투표자의 수, 투표율 [본문으로]
109. deprive ... of ... ; 1. <사람에게서> <물건을> 빼앗다, <권리 등의 행사를> 허용치 않다, 주지 않다 ((of)) [본문으로]
110. mandate ; 1. ~ (to do sth) | ~ (for sth) (선거에 의해 국민들로부터 정부나 다른 조직에게 주어지는) 권한 [본문으로]
111. militant ; [형용사] 공격적인, 전투적인 [본문으로]
112. all the way ; 1. the whole way 내내[시종] [본문으로]
113. speak for ; ~를 대변하다, …대신 말하다(=be a spokesperson for). [본문으로]
114. ordinary citizen ; 평범한 시민 [본문으로]
115. sweep away ; 완전히 없애다, 일소하다 [본문으로]
116. plenty ; [U] (격식) (돈・식량 등이) 풍요로움[풍성함] ;; 명사적 활용이 가능한것을 확인 할 수 있기는 하지만 여기서는 흐름상 "많은 요소들" 정도의 의미 [본문으로]
117. sky-high ; [형용사] 하늘을 찌를 듯한, 아주[너무] 높은 [본문으로]
118. experienced ; 앞에 has가 있어서 현재완료로 오해 할수 있으나 여기서는 politicians를 꾸미는 분사(형용사)의 역할 [본문으로]
119. keep order ; 질서를 유지하다 [본문으로]
120. prove ; 2. BE | (…임이) 드러나다[판명되다] ;; 흐름상 Be와 거의 같은 역할을 한다고 보면 됨 [본문으로]
121. amateurish ; [형용사] (또한 ama・teur) (보통 못마땅함) 비전문적인, 서투른 [본문으로]
122. centrist ; [명사] 중도주의자 [본문으로]