[Annotated] An act of terror in New York

An Uzbekistani immigrant carries out a lethal attack against^[각주:1] pedestrians^[각주:2] and cyclists

It was a beautiful, sunny afternoon, the perfect day to cycle or walk along the Hudson river on Manhattan's west side. Parents were beginning to gather at schools to pick up their excited children, many wearing Halloween costumes. But the idyllic autumn day^[각주:3] came to an abrupt end at^[각주:4] 3.05pm when a man in a hired^[각주:5] pickup truck^[각주:6] hopped^[각주:7] the curb^[각주:8] and began driving southbound^[각주:9] on the pedestrian and cyclists along his 20-block route. At Chambers Street the truck rammed into^[각주:10] a school bus, injuring children and adults inside. In all^[각주:11], eight people, including tourists from Argentina and Belgium, were killed. A dozen more were wounded, some critically^[각주:12]. 

The driver then stepped down from the truck, brandishing what appeared to be^[각주:13] two handguns. A police officer on patrol confronted him with^[각주:14] his own weapon and fired, striking him in the abdomen^[각주:15]. The driver is now in police custody^[각주:16], in hospital. (His guns were later found to be a paint-ball pistol and a pellet gun^[각주:17].) Bill be Blasio, New York's mayor, called it "a particularly cowardly^[각주:18] act of terror, aimed at^[각주:19] innocent civilians". The driver seemed to have picked the timing carefully and his target too - an area that attracts tourists year-round^[각주:20] and the site of several schools whose students were about to be dismissed^[각주:21]. Only a few hours later the wider area would play host to^[각주:22] downtown Manhattan's biggest annual parade. Witnesses report that when the driver exited his vehicle he shouted the Koranic takbir^[각주:23], "Allahu akbar" (God is great). Police found a note near the truck which seemed to indicate the attacker had declared allegiance to^[각주:24] Islamic State, although there was no immediate claim of responsibility by IS itself. Authorities say it appears the driver acted alone; there is no evidence to suggest a wider plot^[각주:25]. But the investigation, a joint operation for^[각주:26] the Federal Bureau of Investigation^[각주:27] and New York's police department (NYPD), has just begun.

The driver's name is Sayfullo Saipov. A 29-year-old native of Uzbekistan, he had moved to the United States in 2010. According to Peter King, a Republican congressman^[각주:28] who represents^[각주:29] New York's suburbs^[각주:30], Mr Saipov, a permanent resident^[각주:31], had lived in Florida for a spell^[각주:32]. More recently he has been living with his wife and children in New Jersey. Uber, the ride-hailing^[각주:33] firm, confirmed that Mr Saipov has worked as^[각주:34] one of its drivers - and that he had passed all its background checks^[각주:35]. It is not yet known if he was on radar of any intelligence agency. 

The incident is strongly reminiscent of^[각주:36] recent terror attacks in Europe, where vehicles were used as effective weapons against unarmed crowds^[각주:37]. In France, 86 people were killed and more than 400 injured by a single lorry^[각주:38] near the seafront at^[각주:39] Nice, in 2016. In Berlin, 12 were killed and more than 50 injured by a similar attack last December. Vehicles have also been used to plough into crowds in^[각주:40] London and in Barcelona. The NYPD has feared such an act in its city ever since^[각주:41] a publication^[각주:42] produced by IS suggested to its supporters living in the West that they use their cars to run over^[각주:43] civilians^[각주:44]. Barriers had been placed around soft targets across the Big Apple^[각주:45], including Times Square. The NYPD began an extensive outreach to truck-rental companies, visiting over 148 locations, to talk about suspicious indicators^[각주:46]. After the attacks in Nice and Berlin, the police repeated those visits. Despite those efforts at^[각주:47] vigilance^[각주:48], the driver appears to have been able to hire a truck from a Home Depot store across the river, in New Jersey.

The incident^[각주:49] took place just a few blocks from the World Trade Center, where 2,753 people were killed in the September 11th attacks. Since 2001, the city has been the target of about two dozen terrorism plots. Andrew Cuomo, New York's governor, declared this afternoon that New York is an "international symbol of freedom and democracy" which "makes us a target for those people who oppose those concepts". In the 16 years since the towers fell, the NYPD has invested heavily^[각주:50] in counter-terrorism^[각주:51]. Over the years it has posted detectives to^[각주:52] Abu Dhabi, Amman, London and elsewhere abroad. Among its rank and file^[각주:53] are speakers of Arabic, Dari, Pashto and Urdu. Its Critical Response Command unit has 500 officers specially trained to deal with the threats posed by terrorism. Its members are skilled in^[각주:54] behavioral analysis^[각주:55] as well as in explosives^[각주:56] and radiation detection^[각주:57]. In the wake of^[각주:58] this attack, police, including heavily armed tactical units^[각주:59], were deployed all over the city, massing in^[각주:60] great numbers at symbolic locations as well as at tunnels and airports. 

Donald Trump, America's president, tweeted that he had ordered the Department of Homeland Security^[각주:61] to step up^[각주:62] its vetting process^[각주:63]. Mr Saipov's homeland^[각주:64] is not on Mr Trump's list of countries that require extra scrutiny^[각주:65] (though another Uzbekistani with IS sympathies^[각주:66] was responsible for a massacre at^[각주:67] a nightclub in Istanbul in January). In earlier tweets, Mr Trump called the driver a "sick and deranged^[각주:68] person" and said that America "must not allow ISIS to return, or enter, our country".

New Yorkers, meanwhile, responded with their now familiar resilience^[각주:69]. A Halloween parade, normally an excuse to wear showy^[각주:70] costumes, became a display of^[각주:71] defiance^[각주:72]. Blocker vehicles protected the parade's route. Children went trick-or-treating, as is the custom in America on October 31st, many dressed as super-heroes. Mr Cuomo advised New Yorkers to "live your life and don't let them change us or deter us in^[각주:73] any manner^[각주:74], shape or form." Those who looked up at the city's tallest buildings would have seen the spires of^[각주:75] the new World Trade Center and the Empire State Building lit in red, white and blue, to honor the latest victims of terrorism^[각주:76].

1. lethal ; 1. 치명적인(죽음을 초래할 정도의) ;; 2. (비격식) 치명적인(돌이킬 수 없는 해악을 초래하는) [본문으로]
2. pedestrian ; 보행자 ;; 참고 ; motorist ;; 미국∙영국 [pə|destriən] [본문으로]
3. idyllic ; [형용사] 목가적인 ;; 미국식 [aɪ|dɪlɪk] 영국식 [ɪ|dɪlɪk] [본문으로]
4. come to an abrupt end ; 갑자기 끝나다 [본문으로]
5. hired ; [형용사] 고용된; 세 주는; 빌린, 임대의; 세낸 물건의 [본문으로]
6. pickup truck ; (미·구어) 소형 오픈 트럭 [본문으로]
7. hop ; (~ped; ~·ping) 1-a. (한 발로) 깡충 뛰다 ;; 1-b. <개구리·새 등이> 뛰다, 뛰어다니다 ((along)) [본문으로]
8. curb ; 2. (美) 동의어 kerb ;; [명사] 도로 경계석, (차도 가의) 연석[갓돌](이 길게 놓인 부분) [본문으로]
9. southbound ; [형용사] 남행(南行)의 [본문으로]
10. ram into ; ~을 들이박다[들이박게 하다] ;; 동의어 ; ram something into something [본문으로]
11. in all ; 총[모두 합쳐] [본문으로]
12. critically ; 2. 아슬아슬하게, 위태롭게 [본문으로]
13. brandish ; [타동사][VN] (특히 무기를) 휘두르다 [본문으로]
14. confront ; 2. (문제나 곤란한 상황에) 맞서다 ;; 3. (위험한 상황 등에) 정면으로 부딪치다[마주치다] [본문으로]
15. abdomen ; 1. 배, 복부 [본문으로]
16. police custody ; 경찰서 구류 [본문으로]
17. pellet gun ; [명사] 공기총(air gun). [본문으로]
18. cowardly ; [형용사] 겁이 많은; 비겁한, 비열한(opp. brave) [본문으로]
19. be aimed at ; ~을 목표로 삼다 [본문으로]
20. year-round ; [형용사] 연중 계속되는 [본문으로]
21. dismiss ; 4. (사람을) 보내다[물러가게 하다/해산시키다] [본문으로]
22. play host to ; …의 개최 장소[수용처]가 되다, …을 주최[개최]하다, ...를 초대하다. [본문으로]
23. takbir ; The Takbīr (تَكْبِير), also transliterated Tekbir or Takbeer, is the Arabic phrase Allāhu akbar (الله أكبر), usually translated as "God is [the] greatest". It is a common Islamic Arabic expression, used in various contexts by Muslims [본문으로]
24. allegiance ; [U , C] ~ (to sb/sth) (정당・종교・통치자 등에 대한) 충성 [본문으로]
25. plot ; 2. [C] ~ (to do sth) 음모 [본문으로]
26. joint operation ; 합동, 공동 작전 [본문으로]
27. the Federal Bureau of Investigation ; FBI [본문으로]
28. congressman ; ((pl. -men[-mən, -mèn])) [종종 C~] [미] 국회의원, ((특히)) 하원 의원 [본문으로]
29. represent ; 1. ACT/SPEAK FOR SB | [타동사][VN] [흔히 수동태로] (행사・회의 등에서 단체 등을) 대표[대신]하다 [본문으로]
30. suburb ; [명사] (또한 美 비격식 the burbs [pl.]) 교외(도심지를 벗어난 주택 지역) ;; 미국식 [|sʌbɜ:rb] 영국식 [|sʌbɜ:b] [본문으로]
31. permanent resident ; (美) 영주권 취득자; (호텔 따위의) 장기 투숙자. [본문으로]
32. for a spell ; 잠시, 한동안 [본문으로]
33. ride-hailing ; 전화나 스마트폰 어플 등을 이용해서 택시를 직접 불러서 이용할 수 있는 새로운 형태의 교통수단. ride hailing의 예로 Uber나 Lyft등이 있다. [본문으로]
34. work as ; …으로 일하다. [본문으로]
35. background checks ; [명사] 신원 조사. [본문으로]
36. reminiscent of ; …을 회상하게 하는. [본문으로]
37. unarmed ; 1. 무기를 가지고 있지 않은 [본문으로]
38. lorry ; [명사] (truck 美, 英) pl. -ies 대형 트럭[화물차] ;; 참고 ; back n. [본문으로]
39. seafront ; [sing.] the seafront (도시의) 해안 지구 [본문으로]
40. plough into ; ~을 들이받다 [본문으로]
41. ever since ; ~이후로 줄곧[계속] [본문으로]
42. publication ; 1. [U , C] 출판, 발행; 출판물 [본문으로]
43. run over ; (사람·동물을) 치다 [본문으로]
44. civilian ; [명사] 민간인 ;; 참고 ; military [본문으로]
45. the Big Apple ; [sing.] (비격식) 뉴욕 시 [본문으로]
46. indicator ; 1. (일의 현황・사정 변화 등을 나타내는) 지표 [본문으로]
47. efforts at ; ~하려는, 를 위한 노력 [본문으로]
48. vigilance ; 1. 경계, 조심, 불침번 [본문으로]
49. incident ; 2. [C , U] (범죄・사고 등의) 사건 [본문으로]
50. heavily ; 1. (양・정도가) 심하게[아주 많이] [본문으로]
51. counter-terrorism ; [명사] 대테러 작전[활동], 보복[대항] 테러 행위; 테러 방지 대책. [본문으로]
52. post ; 4. SB FOR JOB | [타동사][VN] [주로 수동태로] (근무 위치에) 배치[파견]하다 [본문으로]
53. rank and file ; [sing.+ sing./pl. v.] 1. 일반 사병들 ;; 2. (조직의) 일반 구성원들 [본문으로]
54. be skilled in ; …에 능숙하다, 솜씨가 있다, 숙련되다, 능하다 [본문으로]
55. behavioral analysis ; 행동, 행태 분석 [본문으로]
56. explosives ; (영국식) [명사] (화학) 폭발물 [본문으로]
57. radiation detection ; [명사] (원자력공학) 방사선 측정 [본문으로]
58. in the wake of ; [부사] …의 뒤를 좇아, …에 뒤이어; …의 결과로서. ;; 동의어 ; following, succeeding, in the aftermath of; as a result of. [본문으로]
59. tactical unit ; (군사) 전술 부대[단위] [본문으로]
60. mass ; [동사] 많이[떼 지어] 모이다[모으다], 운집하다[시키다] [본문으로]
61. Department of Homeland Security ; 미국국토안전부 [본문으로]
62. step up ; ~을 증가시키다[강화하다] [본문으로]
63. vetting process ; 절차, 조사과정, 확인절차, 검열, 검증과정, [본문으로]
64. homeland ; 1. [주로 단수로] 고국, 조국 [본문으로]
65. scrutiny ; [U] (격식) 정밀 조사, 철저한 검토 [본문으로]
66. sympathy ; 2. [U , C] [주로 복수로] 동조, 지지, 동의 [본문으로]
67. massacre ; [C , U] 1. 대학살 ;; 미국∙영국 [|mӕsəkə(r)] [본문으로]
68. deranged ; [형용사] (특히 정신병으로 인해 행동과 사고가) 정상이 아닌, 미친 [본문으로]
69. resilience ; [U], (또한 드물게 re・sili・ency / -nsi /) 1. (충격・부상 등에서의) 회복력 [본문으로]
70. showy ; [형용사] (흔히 못마땅함) 현란한 [본문으로]
71. display ; 3. (특정한 자질・느낌・능력의) 표현[과시] [본문으로]
72. defiance ; [U] (공개적으로 하는) 반항[저항] [본문으로]
73. deter ; [동사] -rr- ~ sb (from sth/from doing sth) 단념시키다, 그만두게 하다 ;; 참고 ; deterrent [본문으로]
74. manner ; 2. [sing.] (사람의) 태도 ;; 참고 ; bedside manner [본문으로]
75. spire ; [명사] (특히 교회의) 첨탑 ;; 미국·영국 [|spaɪə(r)] [본문으로]
76. honor ; 2. 예우하다, 존중하다 [본문으로]