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[Annotated] Poor countries need to allow more immigration, too
af334 2017. 1. 5. 09:48The governments of poor countries are right to complain about 1 the West's restrictive 2 immigration policies. But they are often guilty of the same 3
A political brain teaser 4: which party in which 5 country has promised "punitive measures" against 6 7 illegal immigration, has threatened to disenfranchise 8 9 people who arrived half a century ago 10 and has told migrants to "be prepared with their bags packed"?
The answer is not the National Front of 11 France, the United Kingdom Independence Party, Jobbik of Hungary or indeed any other insurgent 12 political party in the West. It is the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party of India. The BJP and its leader, Narendra Modi, 13rail against 14 immigrants from Bangladesh, of whom there might well be more in India than there are Mexicans in America. This nativist ranting 15 16 is evidence of a nasty strain of 17 developing-world demagoguery 18.
Pakistan is currently trying to evict hundreds of thousands of 19 Afghan immigrants, some of whom have lived in the country for decades 20. Gabon and Equatorial Guinea 21 are expelling 22 migrants from central Africa. Mexico, which complains bitterly 23 (and rightly) about the treatment of 24 its people in America, does far too little to 25 prevent the mass kidnapping 26 and murder of immigrants from Central America 27.
All political leaders, even dictators, must take some note of how 28 their people feel, and the citizens of poor and middle-income countries 29 are often no better disposed to 30 immigrants than are voters in the rich world. Besides 31, a government that threatens to shut its refugee camps 32 or uproot 33millions of migrant workers from their homes might be able to extort 34 some money out of Western donors. But the treatment meted out to immigrants in developing countries is nonetheless dismal 35 36 - futile, illiberal 37 38 and economically ruinous 39.
Even in rich countries, where most workers have formal jobs 40 and are known to the authorities 41, illegal immigrants are hard to catch 42. In poorer countries, where the state is weak and almost everybody works informally, it is close to impossible 43. National boundaries tend to be porous 44. At about 4,100km (2,500 miles), the border between Bangladesh and India is longer than the border between Mexico and the United States. It is so thinly policed that 45 cattle can be trafficked across 46 it.
Like migrants everywhere, the people who cross into 47 developing countries are nearly 48 always trying to better themselves 49 and their families. Unlike 50 the migrants who make it to the West and the Gulf states, they are frequently very poor 51 indeed. When America and Europe tighten their borders 52, middle-class Indians and Nigerians lose out 53; when India and Nigeria crack down 54, some of the world's most desperate people suffer.
The astounding success of 56 the south Asians who were booted out of 57 Kenya and Uganda in the 1970s and ended up in 58 Britain suggests that Africa would have done well to 59 keep them. Migrants bring dynamism and fresh ideas to 60 poor and middle-income countries as well as rich ones; the lump-of-labor fallacy 61 62 is just as fallacious 63 in the developing world. Sometimes governments realize this and pull back 64. In 2014 South Sudan unveiled a mad plan to 65 force companies to sack 66 their foreign workers within a month 67. It backtracked 68 when firms and charities 69 pointed out that they could not function 70 without Kenyans and other immigrants. South Sudan is not exactly overflowing with skilled graduates 71 who can keep the lights on 72.
It would be far better for 73 the immigrants and for the countries where they fetch up 74 if governments widened the legal routes for settlement 75. At present 76 some of the world's least appealing places 77 have the toughest visa requirements 78 and expect economic migrants 79 to jump through the tiniest hoops 80. You would think their streets were paved with 81 gold.
- 국가들과의 관계에서도 complain about 이라는 기본 표현을 사용한다는 것 확인. [본문으로]
- restrictive (자유 등을) 제한[구속]하는 [본문으로]
- guilty of ~로 유죄의 [본문으로]
- brain teaser 풀기 어려운 난제나 퍼즐 따위 [본문으로]
- in which 용례 확인 [본문으로]
- punitive measures 응징, 징계처분 [본문으로]
- punitive measures against ~대한 징계 조치 [본문으로]
- threaten to ~ 에서는 to 한다고 위협하다 라고 이해 [본문으로]
- disenfranchise (특히 선거권 등의) 권리 박탈 [본문으로]
- half a century ago 반세기(50여년) 전에 [본문으로]
- The national front 국민 전선당(특히 인종 문제와 관련하여 과격한 견해를 지닌 영국의 소수당) [본문으로]
- insurgent (주로 복수로) (격식) 반란[내란]을 일으킨 사람 [본문으로]
- the ruling party 여당, the opposition party 야당. [본문으로]
- rail against 욕하다, 매도하다 [본문으로]
- nativist : 이민 배척주의자; 원주민 문화 보호주의자. [본문으로]
- ranting : 2. [pl.] 연이은 고함[호통] 소리 [본문으로]
- Strain : 5. IN SB’S CHARACTER | [C] [주로 단수로] (성격・태도상의 특별한) 요소[구석] [본문으로]
- demagoguery 민중 선동, 악선전 ; US [déməɡɑ̀ɡəri,-ɡɔ́:ɡ-] [본문으로]
- evict ; ~ sb (from sth) (주택이나 땅에서) 쫓아내다[퇴거시키다] [본문으로]
- for decades ; 수십년간 [본문으로]
- Equatorial Guinea 적도 기니 [본문으로]
- expel 퇴학시키다; 축출[제명]하다 [본문으로]
- bitterly ; 2. (불쾌감・비통함 등을 묘사하여) 몹시 [본문으로]
- treatment ; 2. [U] (사람・사물에 대한) 대우[처우/처리] [본문으로]
- far 을 이용한 강조 [본문으로]
- mass의 활용 [본문으로]
- Central America ; 중앙아메리카는 북아메리카 남부에 접하는 좁은 지협으로, 멕시코부터 파나마까지를 일컬으며, 남아메리카 서북부에 있는 콜롬비아의 태평양 해안 저지로 이어진다. [본문으로]
- take note of (something) ; (~에) 주목하다 [본문으로]
- middle-income country ; 중간 정도 수입의 국가, 중간 소득 국가 [본문으로]
- dispose ; 2. ~ sb to/toward(s) sth ~에게 ~의 경향을 갖게 하다 ; no better disposed to 로 쓰면서 "좋지 않은 태도나 견해를 가지"는 것을 나타냄 [본문으로]
- 문두에 Besides ; 게다가 [본문으로]
- refugee camp ; 난민촌, 피난민 부락 [본문으로]
- uproot ; 2. ~ (yourself/sb) 오래 살던 곳에서 떠나다[떠나게 만들다] [본문으로]
- extort ; ~ sth (from sb) 갈취하다 [본문으로]
- nonetheless ; adv. (격식) 그렇기는 하지만, 그렇더라도 [본문으로]
- dismal ; 음울한, 울적하게 하는 [본문으로]
- futile ; 헛된, 소용없는 ; US [|fju:tl] ; UK [|fju:taɪl] [본문으로]
- illiberal ; (격식) 자유를 제한하는 [본문으로]
- economically ruinous ; 경제적인 측면으로 처참하다 [본문으로]
- formal job ; 정규직이라기 보다는 합법적인 절차를 거쳐 공인된 직업이라는 의미로 보임 [본문으로]
- be known to the authorities ; 당국에서 공인한 [본문으로]
- catch ; 체포하다 는 의미보다는 "포착하다" 는 식의 뉘앙스 [본문으로]
- be close to impossible ; 거의 불가능하다. [본문으로]
- porous ; (구멍이 많은) 다공성[투과성]의 ; 문맥상 국경 관리, 감시가 허술하다는 의미 [본문으로]
- thinly policed ; (경찰이나 담당 통제 기관)에 의해 관리, 감독이 잘 이루어 지지 않는 다는 의미 [본문으로]
- be trafficked across ; 가로 질러 왕래를 한다는 의미 [본문으로]
- cross의 동사 활용 [본문으로]
- nearly ; adv. 거의 [본문으로]
- better oneself ; 2. ~ yourself 출세하다, 더 잘 살다 ; better의 동사 활용 [본문으로]
- 문두에 unlike 활용 [본문으로]
- frequently very poor ; frequently가 "흔히" 라는 의미로 쓰여짐 [본문으로]
- tighten their borders ; 국경 (수비, 경계를) 강화하다 [본문으로]
- lose out ; 문맥상 국경 수비를 소홀히 한다는 의미 [본문으로]
- crack down (on sb / sth) ; 엄중 단속하다 [본문으로]
- boomerang ; 문맥상 "업보" "인과응보" 정도의 의미 [본문으로]
- astounding success ; 믿기 어려운, 경악스러운 성공 [본문으로]
- be booted out of ; ~에서 쫓겨난; 흐름상 expel, evict, disenfranchise 와 같은 맥락 [본문으로]
- end up in ; 마지막으로 도착한 곳에 대한 정보 [본문으로]
- do well to ; to부정사 이하를 잘 처리하다. [본문으로]
- bring dynamism ; 활력을 불어넣다. [본문으로]
- lump of ; group of [본문으로]
- fallacy ; (많은 사람들이 옳다고 믿는) 틀린 생각 [본문으로]
- just as ; 꼭 ~처럼 ;; fallacious ; (격식) 잘못된, 틀린 [본문으로]
- pull back ; 후퇴하다[물러나다] [본문으로]
- 제정신이 아닌 정책을 제정하여 적용하다 ; unveil을 사용 [본문으로]
- sack ; 해고하다 [본문으로]
- within a month ; 한달내에 [본문으로]
- backtrack ; 2. (압력을 받아 의견 등을) 철회하다 [본문으로]
- charity ; 자선[구호] 단체 [본문으로]
- function ; 작동하다 [본문으로]
- overflow ; 2. [자동사][V] ~ (with sth) (장소가) (사람들로) 넘쳐나다 [본문으로]
- 문맥상 bring dynamism 과 같이 가는 표현 [본문으로]
- far 을 이용한 강조 [본문으로]
- fetch up ; (비격식, 특히 英) (계획하지 않던 곳에) 도착하다 [본문으로]
- 당국 정부가 이민자들이 정착할 수 있도록 이민 정책을 완화 한다는 의미 ; widened the legal routes [본문으로]
- at present ; 현재는, 지금은, 목하(now) [본문으로]
- least appealing ; 가장 매력 없는 [본문으로]
- visa requirement ; 비자 요건, 요구 사항 [본문으로]
- economic migrants ; 경제활동을 하기 위해 이주해온 사람들 [본문으로]
- 문맥상 당국 정부가 제시하는 이민자 정착 요구 사항을 충족한다는 의미 ; 후프를(요구사항들을) 뛰어 넘다(충족하다) [본문으로]
- be paved with ; ~로 (도로, 길 따위가) 포장되어 있다 [본문으로]
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